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Replace Benchfella with Benchee and use the same test files used in
rinpatch committed
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  <header class="head with-buttons" id=head><p><a href=//www.whatwg.org/ class=logo><img width=101 src=/images/logo alt=WHATWG height=101></a></p>
   <hgroup><h1 class=allcaps>HTML</h1>
    <h2 class="no-num no-toc">Living Standard &mdash; Last Updated 18 May 2014</h2>
   </hgroup><div>
    <div>
     <a href=//whatwg.org/html><span><strong>Multipage Version</strong> <code>whatwg.org/html</code></span></a>
     <a href=//whatwg.org/c><span><strong>One-Page Version</strong> <code>whatwg.org/c</code></span></a>
     <a href=//whatwg.org/pdf><span><strong>PDF Version</strong> <code>whatwg.org/pdf</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://developers.whatwg.org/><span><strong>Developer Version</strong> <code>developers.whatwg.org</code></span></a>
    </div>
    <div>
     <a href=//whatwg.org/faq class=misc><span><strong>FAQ</strong> <code>whatwg.org/faq</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://validator.whatwg.org/ class=misc><span><strong>Validators</strong> <code>validator.whatwg.org</code></span></a>
    </div>
    <div>
     <a href=//www.whatwg.org/mailing-list class=comms><span><strong>Join our Mailing List</strong> <code>whatwg@whatwg.org</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://wiki.whatwg.org/wiki/IRC class=comms><span><strong>Join us on IRC</strong> <code>#whatwg on Freenode</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://forums.whatwg.org/ class=comms><span><strong>Join our Forums</strong> <code>forums.whatwg.org</code></span></a>
    </div>
    <div>
     <!--<a class="changes" href="http://svn.whatwg.org/webapps"><span><strong>SVN Repository</strong> <code>svn.whatwg.org/webapps</code></span></a>-->
     <a href=http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker class=changes><span><strong>Change Log</strong> <code>html5.org's tracker</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://twitter.com/WHATWG class=changes><span><strong>Twitter Updates</strong> <code>@WHATWG</code></span></a>
    </div>
    <div>
     <a href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/buglist.cgi?bug_status=UNCONFIRMED&amp;bug_status=NEW&amp;bug_status=ASSIGNED&amp;bug_status=REOPENED&amp;component=HTML&amp;product=WHATWG" class=feedback><span><strong>View Open Bugs</strong> <code>filed in Bugzilla</code></span></a>
     <a href=//www.whatwg.org/newbug class=feedback><span><strong>File a Bug</strong> <code>whatwg.org/newbug</code></span></a>
     <a href=http://ian.hixie.ch/+ class=feedback><span><strong>E-mail the Editor</strong> <code>ian@hixie.ch</code></span></a>
    </div>
   </div>
  </header><hr><div id=configUI></div>

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of contents</h2>
  
<!--begin-toc-->
<ol class=toc>
 <li><a href=#introduction><span class=secno>1 </span>Introduction</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#abstract><span class=secno>1.1 </span>Where does this specification fit?</a></li>
   <li><a href=#is-this-html5?><span class=secno>1.2 </span>Is this HTML5?</a></li>
   <li><a href=#background><span class=secno>1.3 </span>Background</a></li>
   <li><a href=#audience><span class=secno>1.4 </span>Audience</a></li>
   <li><a href=#scope><span class=secno>1.5 </span>Scope</a></li>
   <li><a href=#history-1><span class=secno>1.6 </span>History</a></li>
   <li><a href=#design-notes><span class=secno>1.7 </span>Design notes</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#serializability-of-script-execution><span class=secno>1.7.1 </span>Serializability of script execution</a></li>
     <li><a href=#compliance-with-other-specifications><span class=secno>1.7.2 </span>Compliance with other specifications</a></li>
     <li><a href=#extensibility><span class=secno>1.7.3 </span>Extensibility</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#html-vs-xhtml><span class=secno>1.8 </span>HTML vs XHTML</a></li>
   <li><a href=#structure-of-this-specification><span class=secno>1.9 </span>Structure of this specification</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#how-to-read-this-specification><span class=secno>1.9.1 </span>How to read this specification</a></li>
     <li><a href=#typographic-conventions><span class=secno>1.9.2 </span>Typographic conventions</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#fingerprint><span class=secno>1.10 </span>Privacy concerns</a></li>
   <li><a href=#a-quick-introduction-to-html><span class=secno>1.11 </span>A quick introduction to HTML</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#writing-secure-applications-with-html><span class=secno>1.11.1 </span>Writing secure applications with HTML</a></li>
     <li><a href=#common-pitfalls-to-avoid-when-using-the-scripting-apis><span class=secno>1.11.2 </span>Common pitfalls to avoid when using the scripting APIs</a></li>
     <li><a href=#how-to-catch-mistakes-when-writing-html:-validators-and-conformance-checkers><span class=secno>1.11.3 </span>How to catch mistakes when writing HTML: validators and conformance checkers</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#conformance-requirements-for-authors><span class=secno>1.12 </span>Conformance requirements for authors</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#presentational-markup><span class=secno>1.12.1 </span>Presentational markup</a></li>
     <li><a href=#syntax-errors><span class=secno>1.12.2 </span>Syntax errors</a></li>
     <li><a href=#restrictions-on-content-models-and-on-attribute-values><span class=secno>1.12.3 </span>Restrictions on content models and on attribute values</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#suggested-reading><span class=secno>1.13 </span>Suggested reading</a></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#infrastructure><span class=secno>2 </span>Common infrastructure</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#terminology><span class=secno>2.1 </span>Terminology</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#resources><span class=secno>2.1.1 </span>Resources</a></li>
     <li><a href=#xml><span class=secno>2.1.2 </span>XML</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dom-trees><span class=secno>2.1.3 </span>DOM trees</a></li>
     <li><a href=#scripting-0><span class=secno>2.1.4 </span>Scripting</a></li>
     <li><a href=#plugins><span class=secno>2.1.5 </span>Plugins</a></li>
     <li><a href=#encoding-terminology><span class=secno>2.1.6 </span>Character encodings</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#conformance-requirements><span class=secno>2.2 </span>Conformance requirements</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#conformance-classes><span class=secno>2.2.1 </span>Conformance classes</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dependencies><span class=secno>2.2.2 </span>Dependencies</a></li>
     <li><a href=#extensibility-0><span class=secno>2.2.3 </span>Extensibility</a></li>
     <li><a href=#interactions-with-xpath-and-xslt><span class=secno>2.2.4 </span>Interactions with XPath and XSLT</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#case-sensitivity-and-string-comparison><span class=secno>2.3 </span>Case-sensitivity and string comparison</a></li>
   <li><a href=#common-microsyntaxes><span class=secno>2.4 </span>Common microsyntaxes</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#common-parser-idioms><span class=secno>2.4.1 </span>Common parser idioms</a></li>
     <li><a href=#boolean-attributes><span class=secno>2.4.2 </span>Boolean attributes</a></li>
     <li><a href=#keywords-and-enumerated-attributes><span class=secno>2.4.3 </span>Keywords and enumerated attributes</a></li>
     <li><a href=#numbers><span class=secno>2.4.4 </span>Numbers</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#signed-integers><span class=secno>2.4.4.1 </span>Signed integers</a></li>
       <li><a href=#non-negative-integers><span class=secno>2.4.4.2 </span>Non-negative integers</a></li>
       <li><a href=#floating-point-numbers><span class=secno>2.4.4.3 </span>Floating-point numbers</a></li>
       <li><a href=#percentages-and-dimensions><span class=secno>2.4.4.4 </span>Percentages and lengths</a></li>
       <li><a href=#lists-of-integers><span class=secno>2.4.4.5 </span>Lists of integers</a></li>
       <li><a href=#lists-of-dimensions><span class=secno>2.4.4.6 </span>Lists of dimensions</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#dates-and-times><span class=secno>2.4.5 </span>Dates and times</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#months><span class=secno>2.4.5.1 </span>Months</a></li>
       <li><a href=#dates><span class=secno>2.4.5.2 </span>Dates</a></li>
       <li><a href=#yearless-dates><span class=secno>2.4.5.3 </span>Yearless dates</a></li>
       <li><a href=#times><span class=secno>2.4.5.4 </span>Times</a></li>
       <li><a href=#local-dates-and-times><span class=secno>2.4.5.5 </span>Local dates and times</a></li>
       <li><a href=#time-zones><span class=secno>2.4.5.6 </span>Time zones</a></li>
       <li><a href=#global-dates-and-times><span class=secno>2.4.5.7 </span>Global dates and times</a></li>
       <li><a href=#weeks><span class=secno>2.4.5.8 </span>Weeks</a></li>
       <li><a href=#durations><span class=secno>2.4.5.9 </span>Durations</a></li>
       <li><a href=#vaguer-moments-in-time><span class=secno>2.4.5.10 </span>Vaguer moments in time</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#colors><span class=secno>2.4.6 </span>Colors</a></li>
     <li><a href=#space-separated-tokens><span class=secno>2.4.7 </span>Space-separated tokens</a></li>
     <li><a href=#comma-separated-tokens><span class=secno>2.4.8 </span>Comma-separated tokens</a></li>
     <li><a href=#syntax-references><span class=secno>2.4.9 </span>References</a></li>
     <li><a href=#mq><span class=secno>2.4.10 </span>Media queries</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#urls><span class=secno>2.5 </span>URLs</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#terminology-0><span class=secno>2.5.1 </span>Terminology</a></li>
     <li><a href=#resolving-urls><span class=secno>2.5.2 </span>Resolving URLs</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dynamic-changes-to-base-urls><span class=secno>2.5.3 </span>Dynamic changes to base URLs</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#fetching-resources><span class=secno>2.6 </span>Fetching resources</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#terminology-1><span class=secno>2.6.1 </span>Terminology</a></li>
     <li><a href=#processing-model><span class=secno>2.6.2 </span>Processing model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#encrypted-http-and-related-security-concerns><span class=secno>2.6.3 </span>Encrypted HTTP and related security concerns</a></li>
     <li><a href=#content-type-sniffing><span class=secno>2.6.4 </span>Determining the type of a resource</a></li>
     <li><a href=#extracting-character-encodings-from-meta-elements><span class=secno>2.6.5 </span>Extracting character encodings from <code>meta</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#cors-settings-attributes><span class=secno>2.6.6 </span>CORS settings attributes</a></li>
     <li><a href=#cors-enabled-fetch><span class=secno>2.6.7 </span>CORS-enabled fetch</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#common-dom-interfaces><span class=secno>2.7 </span>Common DOM interfaces</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#reflecting-content-attributes-in-idl-attributes><span class=secno>2.7.1 </span>Reflecting content attributes in IDL attributes</a></li>
     <li><a href=#collections-0><span class=secno>2.7.2 </span>Collections</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#htmlallcollection-0><span class=secno>2.7.2.1 </span>HTMLAllCollection</a></li>
       <li><a href=#htmlformcontrolscollection-0><span class=secno>2.7.2.2 </span>HTMLFormControlsCollection</a></li>
       <li><a href=#htmloptionscollection-0><span class=secno>2.7.2.3 </span>HTMLOptionsCollection</a></li>
       <li><a href=#htmlpropertiescollection-0><span class=secno>2.7.2.4 </span>HTMLPropertiesCollection</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#domstringmap-0><span class=secno>2.7.3 </span>DOMStringMap</a></li>
     <li><a href=#domelementmap-0><span class=secno>2.7.4 </span>DOMElementMap</a></li>
     <li><a href=#transferable-objects><span class=secno>2.7.5 </span>Transferable objects</a></li>
     <li><a href=#safe-passing-of-structured-data><span class=secno>2.7.6 </span>Safe passing of structured data</a></li>
     <li><a href=#callbacks><span class=secno>2.7.7 </span>Callbacks</a></li>
     <li><a href=#garbage-collection><span class=secno>2.7.8 </span>Garbage collection</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#namespaces><span class=secno>2.8 </span>Namespaces</a></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#dom><span class=secno>3 </span>Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#documents><span class=secno>3.1 </span>Documents</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-document-object><span class=secno>3.1.1 </span>The <code>Document</code> object</a></li>
     <li><a href=#resource-metadata-management><span class=secno>3.1.2 </span>Resource metadata management</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dom-tree-accessors><span class=secno>3.1.3 </span>DOM tree accessors</a></li>
     <li><a href=#loading-xml-documents><span class=secno>3.1.4 </span>Loading XML documents</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#elements><span class=secno>3.2 </span>Elements</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#semantics-0><span class=secno>3.2.1 </span>Semantics</a></li>
     <li><a href=#elements-in-the-dom><span class=secno>3.2.2 </span>Elements in the DOM</a></li>
     <li><a href=#element-definitions><span class=secno>3.2.3 </span>Element definitions</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#attributes><span class=secno>3.2.3.1 </span>Attributes</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#content-models><span class=secno>3.2.4 </span>Content models</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#kinds-of-content><span class=secno>3.2.4.1 </span>Kinds of content</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#metadata-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.1 </span>Metadata content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#flow-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.2 </span>Flow content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#sectioning-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.3 </span>Sectioning content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#heading-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.4 </span>Heading content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#phrasing-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.5 </span>Phrasing content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#embedded-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.6 </span>Embedded content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#interactive-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.7 </span>Interactive content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#palpable-content-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.8 </span>Palpable content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#script-supporting-elements-0><span class=secno>3.2.4.1.9 </span>Script-supporting elements</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#transparent-content-models><span class=secno>3.2.4.2 </span>Transparent content models</a></li>
       <li><a href=#paragraphs><span class=secno>3.2.4.3 </span>Paragraphs</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#global-attributes><span class=secno>3.2.5 </span>Global attributes</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#the-id-attribute><span class=secno>3.2.5.1 </span>The <code>id</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-title-attribute><span class=secno>3.2.5.2 </span>The <code title=attr-title>title</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-lang-and-xml:lang-attributes><span class=secno>3.2.5.3 </span>The <code title=attr-lang>lang</code> and <code title=attr-xml-lang>xml:lang</code> attributes</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-translate-attribute><span class=secno>3.2.5.4 </span>The <code title=attr-translate>translate</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-xml:base-attribute-(xml-only)><span class=secno>3.2.5.5 </span>The <code>xml:base</code> attribute (XML only)</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-dir-attribute><span class=secno>3.2.5.6 </span>The <code>dir</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#classes><span class=secno>3.2.5.7 </span>The <code>class</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-style-attribute><span class=secno>3.2.5.8 </span>The <code>style</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#embedding-custom-non-visible-data-with-the-data-*-attributes><span class=secno>3.2.5.9 </span>Embedding custom non-visible data with the <code title=attr-data-*>data-*</code> attributes</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#requirements-relating-to-the-bidirectional-algorithm><span class=secno>3.2.6 </span>Requirements relating to the bidirectional algorithm</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#authoring-conformance-criteria-for-bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-characters><span class=secno>3.2.6.1 </span>Authoring conformance criteria for bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters</a></li>
       <li><a href=#user-agent-conformance-criteria><span class=secno>3.2.6.2 </span>User agent conformance criteria</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#wai-aria><span class=secno>3.2.7 </span>WAI-ARIA</a></ol></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#semantics><span class=secno>4 </span>The elements of HTML</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#the-root-element><span class=secno>4.1 </span>The root element</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-html-element><span class=secno>4.1.1 </span>The <code>html</code> element</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#document-metadata><span class=secno>4.2 </span>Document metadata</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-head-element><span class=secno>4.2.1 </span>The <code>head</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-title-element><span class=secno>4.2.2 </span>The <code>title</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-base-element><span class=secno>4.2.3 </span>The <code>base</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-link-element><span class=secno>4.2.4 </span>The <code>link</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-meta-element><span class=secno>4.2.5 </span>The <code>meta</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#standard-metadata-names><span class=secno>4.2.5.1 </span>Standard metadata names</a></li>
       <li><a href=#other-metadata-names><span class=secno>4.2.5.2 </span>Other metadata names</a></li>
       <li><a href=#pragma-directives><span class=secno>4.2.5.3 </span>Pragma directives</a></li>
       <li><a href=#other-pragma-directives><span class=secno>4.2.5.4 </span>Other pragma directives</a></li>
       <li><a href=#charset><span class=secno>4.2.5.5 </span>Specifying the document's character encoding</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-style-element><span class=secno>4.2.6 </span>The <code>style</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#interactions-of-styling-and-scripting><span class=secno>4.2.7 </span>Interactions of styling and scripting</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#sections><span class=secno>4.3 </span>Sections</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-body-element><span class=secno>4.3.1 </span>The <code>body</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-article-element><span class=secno>4.3.2 </span>The <code>article</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-section-element><span class=secno>4.3.3 </span>The <code>section</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-nav-element><span class=secno>4.3.4 </span>The <code>nav</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-aside-element><span class=secno>4.3.5 </span>The <code>aside</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-h1,-h2,-h3,-h4,-h5,-and-h6-elements><span class=secno>4.3.6 </span>The <code>h1</code>, <code>h2</code>, <code>h3</code>, <code>h4</code>, <code>h5</code>, and
  <code>h6</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-hgroup-element><span class=secno>4.3.7 </span>The <code>hgroup</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-header-element><span class=secno>4.3.8 </span>The <code>header</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-footer-element><span class=secno>4.3.9 </span>The <code>footer</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-address-element><span class=secno>4.3.10 </span>The <code>address</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#headings-and-sections><span class=secno>4.3.11 </span>Headings and sections</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#outlines><span class=secno>4.3.11.1 </span>Creating an outline</a></li>
       <li><a href=#sample-outlines><span class=secno>4.3.11.2 </span>Sample outlines</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#usage-summary-0><span class=secno>4.3.12 </span>Usage summary</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#article-or-section><span class=secno>4.3.12.1 </span>Article or section?</a></ol></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#grouping-content><span class=secno>4.4 </span>Grouping content</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-p-element><span class=secno>4.4.1 </span>The <code>p</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-hr-element><span class=secno>4.4.2 </span>The <code>hr</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-pre-element><span class=secno>4.4.3 </span>The <code>pre</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-blockquote-element><span class=secno>4.4.4 </span>The <code>blockquote</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-ol-element><span class=secno>4.4.5 </span>The <code>ol</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-ul-element><span class=secno>4.4.6 </span>The <code>ul</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-li-element><span class=secno>4.4.7 </span>The <code>li</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dl-element><span class=secno>4.4.8 </span>The <code>dl</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dt-element><span class=secno>4.4.9 </span>The <code>dt</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dd-element><span class=secno>4.4.10 </span>The <code>dd</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-figure-element><span class=secno>4.4.11 </span>The <code>figure</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-figcaption-element><span class=secno>4.4.12 </span>The <code>figcaption</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-main-element><span class=secno>4.4.13 </span>The <code>main</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-div-element><span class=secno>4.4.14 </span>The <code>div</code> element</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#text-level-semantics><span class=secno>4.5 </span>Text-level semantics</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-a-element><span class=secno>4.5.1 </span>The <code>a</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-em-element><span class=secno>4.5.2 </span>The <code>em</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-strong-element><span class=secno>4.5.3 </span>The <code>strong</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-small-element><span class=secno>4.5.4 </span>The <code>small</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-s-element><span class=secno>4.5.5 </span>The <code>s</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-cite-element><span class=secno>4.5.6 </span>The <code>cite</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-q-element><span class=secno>4.5.7 </span>The <code>q</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dfn-element><span class=secno>4.5.8 </span>The <code>dfn</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-abbr-element><span class=secno>4.5.9 </span>The <code>abbr</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-ruby-element><span class=secno>4.5.10 </span>The <code>ruby</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-rt-element><span class=secno>4.5.11 </span>The <code>rt</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-rp-element><span class=secno>4.5.12 </span>The <code>rp</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-data-element><span class=secno>4.5.13 </span>The <code>data</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-time-element><span class=secno>4.5.14 </span>The <code>time</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-code-element><span class=secno>4.5.15 </span>The <code>code</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-var-element><span class=secno>4.5.16 </span>The <code>var</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-samp-element><span class=secno>4.5.17 </span>The <code>samp</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-kbd-element><span class=secno>4.5.18 </span>The <code>kbd</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-sub-and-sup-elements><span class=secno>4.5.19 </span>The <code>sub</code> and <code>sup</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-i-element><span class=secno>4.5.20 </span>The <code>i</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-b-element><span class=secno>4.5.21 </span>The <code>b</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-u-element><span class=secno>4.5.22 </span>The <code>u</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-mark-element><span class=secno>4.5.23 </span>The <code>mark</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-bdi-element><span class=secno>4.5.24 </span>The <code>bdi</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-bdo-element><span class=secno>4.5.25 </span>The <code>bdo</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-span-element><span class=secno>4.5.26 </span>The <code>span</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-br-element><span class=secno>4.5.27 </span>The <code>br</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-wbr-element><span class=secno>4.5.28 </span>The <code>wbr</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#usage-summary><span class=secno>4.5.29 </span>Usage summary</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#edits><span class=secno>4.6 </span>Edits</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-ins-element><span class=secno>4.6.1 </span>The <code>ins</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-del-element><span class=secno>4.6.2 </span>The <code>del</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#attributes-common-to-ins-and-del-elements><span class=secno>4.6.3 </span>Attributes common to <code>ins</code> and <code>del</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#edits-and-paragraphs><span class=secno>4.6.4 </span>Edits and paragraphs</a></li>
     <li><a href=#edits-and-lists><span class=secno>4.6.5 </span>Edits and lists</a></li>
     <li><a href=#edits-and-tables><span class=secno>4.6.6 </span>Edits and tables</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#embedded-content><span class=secno>4.7 </span>Embedded content</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-img-element><span class=secno>4.7.1 </span>The <code>img</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#alt><span class=secno>4.7.1.1 </span>Requirements for providing text to act as an alternative for images</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#general-guidelines><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.1 </span>General guidelines</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-link-or-button-containing-nothing-but-the-image><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.2 </span>A link or button containing nothing but the image</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-phrase-or-paragraph-with-an-alternative-graphical-representation:-charts,-diagrams,-graphs,-maps,-illustrations><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.3 </span>A phrase or paragraph with an alternative graphical representation: charts, diagrams, graphs, maps, illustrations</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-short-phrase-or-label-with-an-alternative-graphical-representation:-icons,-logos><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.4 </span>A short phrase or label with an alternative graphical representation: icons, logos</a></li>
         <li><a href=#text-that-has-been-rendered-to-a-graphic-for-typographical-effect><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.5 </span>Text that has been rendered to a graphic for typographical effect</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-graphical-representation-of-some-of-the-surrounding-text><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.6 </span>A graphical representation of some of the surrounding text</a></li>
         <li><a href="#a-purely-decorative-image-that-doesn't-add-any-information"><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.7 </span>A purely decorative image that doesn't add any information</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-group-of-images-that-form-a-single-larger-picture-with-no-links><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.8 </span>A group of images that form a single larger picture with no links</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-group-of-images-that-form-a-single-larger-picture-with-links><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.9 </span>A group of images that form a single larger picture with links</a></li>
         <li><a href=#a-key-part-of-the-content><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.10 </span>A key part of the content</a></li>
         <li><a href=#an-image-not-intended-for-the-user><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.11 </span>An image not intended for the user</a></li>
         <li><a href=#an-image-in-an-e-mail-or-private-document-intended-for-a-specific-person-who-is-known-to-be-able-to-view-images><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.12 </span>An image in an e-mail or private document intended for a specific person who is known to be able to view images</a></li>
         <li><a href=#guidance-for-markup-generators><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.13 </span>Guidance for markup generators</a></li>
         <li><a href=#guidance-for-conformance-checkers><span class=secno>4.7.1.1.14 </span>Guidance for conformance checkers</a></ol></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-iframe-element><span class=secno>4.7.2 </span>The <code>iframe</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-embed-element><span class=secno>4.7.3 </span>The <code>embed</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-object-element><span class=secno>4.7.4 </span>The <code>object</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-param-element><span class=secno>4.7.5 </span>The <code>param</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-video-element><span class=secno>4.7.6 </span>The <code>video</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-audio-element><span class=secno>4.7.7 </span>The <code>audio</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-source-element><span class=secno>4.7.8 </span>The <code>source</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-track-element><span class=secno>4.7.9 </span>The <code>track</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#media-elements><span class=secno>4.7.10 </span>Media elements</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#error-codes><span class=secno>4.7.10.1 </span>Error codes</a></li>
       <li><a href=#location-of-the-media-resource><span class=secno>4.7.10.2 </span>Location of the media resource</a></li>
       <li><a href=#mime-types><span class=secno>4.7.10.3 </span>MIME types</a></li>
       <li><a href=#network-states><span class=secno>4.7.10.4 </span>Network states</a></li>
       <li><a href=#loading-the-media-resource><span class=secno>4.7.10.5 </span>Loading the media resource</a></li>
       <li><a href=#offsets-into-the-media-resource><span class=secno>4.7.10.6 </span>Offsets into the media resource</a></li>
       <li><a href=#ready-states><span class=secno>4.7.10.7 </span>Ready states</a></li>
       <li><a href=#playing-the-media-resource><span class=secno>4.7.10.8 </span>Playing the media resource</a></li>
       <li><a href=#seeking><span class=secno>4.7.10.9 </span>Seeking</a></li>
       <li><a href=#media-resources-with-multiple-media-tracks><span class=secno>4.7.10.10 </span>Media resources with multiple media tracks</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#audiotracklist-and-videotracklist-objects><span class=secno>4.7.10.10.1 </span><code>AudioTrackList</code> and <code>VideoTrackList</code> objects</a></li>
         <li><a href=#selecting-specific-audio-and-video-tracks-declaratively><span class=secno>4.7.10.10.2 </span>Selecting specific audio and video tracks declaratively</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#synchronising-multiple-media-elements><span class=secno>4.7.10.11 </span>Synchronising multiple media elements</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#introduction-0><span class=secno>4.7.10.11.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
         <li><a href=#media-controllers><span class=secno>4.7.10.11.2 </span>Media controllers</a></li>
         <li><a href=#assigning-a-media-controller-declaratively><span class=secno>4.7.10.11.3 </span>Assigning a media controller declaratively</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#timed-text-tracks><span class=secno>4.7.10.12 </span>Timed text tracks</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#text-track-model><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.1 </span>Text track model</a></li>
         <li><a href=#sourcing-in-band-text-tracks><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.2 </span>Sourcing in-band text tracks</a></li>
         <li><a href=#sourcing-out-of-band-text-tracks><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.3 </span>Sourcing out-of-band text tracks</a></li>
         <li><a href=#guidelines-for-exposing-cues-in-various-formats-as-text-track-cues><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.4 </span>Guidelines for exposing cues in various formats as text track cues</a></li>
         <li><a href=#text-track-api><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.5 </span>Text track API</a></li>
         <li><a href=#text-tracks-describing-chapters><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.6 </span>Text tracks describing chapters</a></li>
         <li><a href=#cue-events><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.7 </span>Event handlers for objects of the text track APIs</a></li>
         <li><a href=#best-practices-for-metadata-text-tracks><span class=secno>4.7.10.12.8 </span>Best practices for metadata text tracks</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#user-interface><span class=secno>4.7.10.13 </span>User interface</a></li>
       <li><a href=#time-ranges><span class=secno>4.7.10.14 </span>Time ranges</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-trackevent-interface><span class=secno>4.7.10.15 </span>The <code>TrackEvent</code> interface</a></li>
       <li><a href=#mediaevents><span class=secno>4.7.10.16 </span>Event summary</a></li>
       <li><a href=#security-and-privacy-considerations><span class=secno>4.7.10.17 </span>Security and privacy considerations</a></li>
       <li><a href=#best-practices-for-authors-using-media-elements><span class=secno>4.7.10.18 </span>Best practices for authors using media elements</a></li>
       <li><a href=#best-practices-for-implementors-of-media-elements><span class=secno>4.7.10.19 </span>Best practices for implementors of media elements</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-map-element><span class=secno>4.7.11 </span>The <code>map</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-area-element><span class=secno>4.7.12 </span>The <code>area</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#image-maps><span class=secno>4.7.13 </span>Image maps</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#authoring><span class=secno>4.7.13.1 </span>Authoring</a></li>
       <li><a href=#processing-model-0><span class=secno>4.7.13.2 </span>Processing model</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#mathml><span class=secno>4.7.14 </span>MathML</a></li>
     <li><a href=#svg-0><span class=secno>4.7.15 </span>SVG</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dimension-attributes><span class=secno>4.7.16 </span>Dimension attributes</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#links><span class=secno>4.8 </span>Links</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#introduction-1><span class=secno>4.8.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
     <li><a href=#links-created-by-a-and-area-elements><span class=secno>4.8.2 </span>Links created by <code>a</code> and <code>area</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#following-hyperlinks-0><span class=secno>4.8.3 </span>Following hyperlinks</a></li>
     <li><a href=#downloading-resources><span class=secno>4.8.4 </span>Downloading resources</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#hyperlink-auditing><span class=secno>4.8.4.1 </span>Hyperlink auditing</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#linkTypes><span class=secno>4.8.5 </span>Link types</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#rel-alternate><span class=secno>4.8.5.1 </span>Link type "<code>alternate</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-author><span class=secno>4.8.5.2 </span>Link type "<code>author</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-bookmark><span class=secno>4.8.5.3 </span>Link type "<code>bookmark</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-external><span class=secno>4.8.5.4 </span>Link type "<code>external</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-help><span class=secno>4.8.5.5 </span>Link type "<code>help</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#rel-icon><span class=secno>4.8.5.6 </span>Link type "<code>icon</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-license><span class=secno>4.8.5.7 </span>Link type "<code>license</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-nofollow><span class=secno>4.8.5.8 </span>Link type "<code>nofollow</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-noreferrer><span class=secno>4.8.5.9 </span>Link type "<code>noreferrer</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-pingback><span class=secno>4.8.5.10 </span>Link type "<code>pingback</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-prefetch><span class=secno>4.8.5.11 </span>Link type "<code>prefetch</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-search><span class=secno>4.8.5.12 </span>Link type "<code>search</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-sidebar><span class=secno>4.8.5.13 </span>Link type "<code>sidebar</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-stylesheet><span class=secno>4.8.5.14 </span>Link type "<code>stylesheet</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#link-type-tag><span class=secno>4.8.5.15 </span>Link type "<code>tag</code>"</a></li>
       <li><a href=#sequential-link-types><span class=secno>4.8.5.16 </span>Sequential link types</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#link-type-next><span class=secno>4.8.5.16.1 </span>Link type "<code>next</code>"</a></li>
         <li><a href=#link-type-prev><span class=secno>4.8.5.16.2 </span>Link type "<code>prev</code>"</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#other-link-types><span class=secno>4.8.5.17 </span>Other link types</a></ol></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#tabular-data><span class=secno>4.9 </span>Tabular data</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-table-element><span class=secno>4.9.1 </span>The <code>table</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#table-descriptions-techniques><span class=secno>4.9.1.1 </span>Techniques for describing tables</a></li>
       <li><a href=#table-layout-techniques><span class=secno>4.9.1.2 </span>Techniques for table design</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-caption-element><span class=secno>4.9.2 </span>The <code>caption</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-colgroup-element><span class=secno>4.9.3 </span>The <code>colgroup</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-col-element><span class=secno>4.9.4 </span>The <code>col</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-tbody-element><span class=secno>4.9.5 </span>The <code>tbody</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-thead-element><span class=secno>4.9.6 </span>The <code>thead</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-tfoot-element><span class=secno>4.9.7 </span>The <code>tfoot</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-tr-element><span class=secno>4.9.8 </span>The <code>tr</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-td-element><span class=secno>4.9.9 </span>The <code>td</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-th-element><span class=secno>4.9.10 </span>The <code>th</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#attributes-common-to-td-and-th-elements><span class=secno>4.9.11 </span>Attributes common to <code>td</code> and <code>th</code> elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#processing-model-1><span class=secno>4.9.12 </span>Processing model</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#forming-a-table><span class=secno>4.9.12.1 </span>Forming a table</a></li>
       <li><a href=#header-and-data-cell-semantics><span class=secno>4.9.12.2 </span>Forming relationships between data cells and header cells</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#table-sorting-model><span class=secno>4.9.13 </span>Table sorting model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#table-examples><span class=secno>4.9.14 </span>Examples</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#forms><span class=secno>4.10 </span>Forms</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#introduction-2><span class=secno>4.10.1 </span>Introduction</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href="#writing-a-form's-user-interface"><span class=secno>4.10.1.1 </span>Writing a form's user interface</a></li>
       <li><a href=#implementing-the-server-side-processing-for-a-form><span class=secno>4.10.1.2 </span>Implementing the server-side processing for a form</a></li>
       <li><a href=#configuring-a-form-to-communicate-with-a-server><span class=secno>4.10.1.3 </span>Configuring a form to communicate with a server</a></li>
       <li><a href=#client-side-form-validation><span class=secno>4.10.1.4 </span>Client-side form validation</a></li>
       <li><a href=#enabling-client-side-automatic-filling-of-form-controls><span class=secno>4.10.1.5 </span>Enabling client-side automatic filling of form controls</a></li>
       <li><a href=#improving-the-user-experience-on-mobile-devices><span class=secno>4.10.1.6 </span>Improving the user experience on mobile devices</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-difference-between-the-field-type,-the-autofill-field-name,-and-the-input-modality><span class=secno>4.10.1.7 </span>The difference between the field type, the autofill field name, and the input modality</a></li>
       <li><a href=#input-author-notes><span class=secno>4.10.1.8 </span>Date, time, and number formats</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#categories><span class=secno>4.10.2 </span>Categories</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-form-element><span class=secno>4.10.3 </span>The <code>form</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-label-element><span class=secno>4.10.4 </span>The <code>label</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-input-element><span class=secno>4.10.5 </span>The <code>input</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#states-of-the-type-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.1 </span>States of the <code title=attr-input-type>type</code> attribute</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href="#hidden-state-(type=hidden)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.1 </span>Hidden state (<code title="">type=hidden</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#text-(type=text)-state-and-search-state-(type=search)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.2 </span>Text (<code title="">type=text</code>) state and Search state (<code title="">type=search</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#telephone-state-(type=tel)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.3 </span>Telephone state (<code title="">type=tel</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#url-state-(type=url)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.4 </span>URL state (<code title="">type=url</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#e-mail-state-(type=email)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.5 </span>E-mail state (<code title="">type=email</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#password-state-(type=password)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.6 </span>Password state (<code title="">type=password</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#date-and-time-state-(type=datetime)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.7 </span>Date and Time state (<code title="">type=datetime</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#date-state-(type=date)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.8 </span>Date state (<code title="">type=date</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#month-state-(type=month)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.9 </span>Month state (<code title="">type=month</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#week-state-(type=week)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.10 </span>Week state (<code title="">type=week</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#time-state-(type=time)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.11 </span>Time state (<code title="">type=time</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#local-date-and-time-state-(type=datetime-local)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.12 </span>Local Date and Time state (<code title="">type=datetime-local</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#number-state-(type=number)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.13 </span>Number state (<code title="">type=number</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#range-state-(type=range)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.14 </span>Range state (<code title="">type=range</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#color-state-(type=color)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.15 </span>Color state (<code title="">type=color</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#checkbox-state-(type=checkbox)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.16 </span>Checkbox state (<code title="">type=checkbox</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#radio-button-state-(type=radio)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.17 </span>Radio Button state (<code title="">type=radio</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#file-upload-state-(type=file)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.18 </span>File Upload state (<code title="">type=file</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#submit-button-state-(type=submit)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.19 </span>Submit Button state (<code title="">type=submit</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#image-button-state-(type=image)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.20 </span>Image Button state (<code title="">type=image</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#reset-button-state-(type=reset)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.21 </span>Reset Button state (<code title="">type=reset</code>)</a></li>
         <li><a href="#button-state-(type=button)"><span class=secno>4.10.5.1.22 </span>Button state (<code title="">type=button</code>)</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#input-impl-notes><span class=secno>4.10.5.2 </span>Implemention notes regarding localization of form controls</a></li>
       <li><a href=#common-input-element-attributes><span class=secno>4.10.5.3 </span>Common <code>input</code> element attributes</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#the-maxlength-and-minlength-attributes><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.1 </span>The <code title=attr-input-maxlength>maxlength</code> and <code title=attr-input-minlength>minlength</code> attributes</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-size-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.2 </span>The <code title=attr-input-size>size</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-readonly-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.3 </span>The <code title=attr-input-readonly>readonly</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-required-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.4 </span>The <code title=attr-input-required>required</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-multiple-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.5 </span>The <code title=attr-input-multiple>multiple</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-pattern-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.6 </span>The <code title=attr-input-pattern>pattern</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-min-and-max-attributes><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.7 </span>The <code title=attr-input-min>min</code> and <code title=attr-input-max>max</code> attributes</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-step-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.8 </span>The <code title=attr-input-step>step</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-list-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.9 </span>The <code title=attr-input-list>list</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-placeholder-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.5.3.10 </span>The <code title=attr-input-placeholder>placeholder</code> attribute</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#common-input-element-apis><span class=secno>4.10.5.4 </span>Common <code>input</code> element APIs</a></li>
       <li><a href=#common-input-element-events><span class=secno>4.10.5.5 </span>Common event behaviors</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-button-element><span class=secno>4.10.6 </span>The <code>button</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-select-element><span class=secno>4.10.7 </span>The <code>select</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-datalist-element><span class=secno>4.10.8 </span>The <code>datalist</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-optgroup-element><span class=secno>4.10.9 </span>The <code>optgroup</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-option-element><span class=secno>4.10.10 </span>The <code>option</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-textarea-element><span class=secno>4.10.11 </span>The <code>textarea</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-keygen-element><span class=secno>4.10.12 </span>The <code>keygen</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-output-element><span class=secno>4.10.13 </span>The <code>output</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-progress-element><span class=secno>4.10.14 </span>The <code>progress</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-meter-element><span class=secno>4.10.15 </span>The <code>meter</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-fieldset-element><span class=secno>4.10.16 </span>The <code>fieldset</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-legend-element><span class=secno>4.10.17 </span>The <code>legend</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#form-control-infrastructure><span class=secno>4.10.18 </span>Form control infrastructure</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href="#a-form-control's-value"><span class=secno>4.10.18.1 </span>A form control's value</a></li>
       <li><a href=#mutability><span class=secno>4.10.18.2 </span>Mutability</a></li>
       <li><a href=#association-of-controls-and-forms><span class=secno>4.10.18.3 </span>Association of controls and forms</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#attributes-common-to-form-controls><span class=secno>4.10.19 </span>Attributes common to form controls</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#naming-form-controls:-the-name-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.1 </span>Naming form controls: the <code title=attr-fe-name>name</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#submitting-element-directionality:-the-dirname-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.2 </span>Submitting element directionality: the <code title=attr-fe-dirname>dirname</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#limiting-user-input-length:-the-maxlength-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.3 </span>Limiting user input length: the <code title=attr-fe-maxlength>maxlength</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#setting-minimum-input-length-requirements:-the-minlength-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.4 </span>Setting minimum input length requirements: the <code title=attr-fe-minlength>minlength</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#enabling-and-disabling-form-controls:-the-disabled-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.5 </span>Enabling and disabling form controls: the <code title=attr-fe-disabled>disabled</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#form-submission-0><span class=secno>4.10.19.6 </span>Form submission</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#autofocusing-a-form-control:-the-autofocus-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.6.1 </span>Autofocusing a form control: the <code title=attr-fe-autofocus>autofocus</code> attribute</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#input-modalities:-the-inputmode-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.7 </span>Input modalities: the <code title=attr-fe-inputmode>inputmode</code> attribute</a></li>
       <li><a href=#autofill><span class=secno>4.10.19.8 </span>Autofill</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#autofilling-form-controls:-the-autocomplete-attribute><span class=secno>4.10.19.8.1 </span>Autofilling form controls: the <code title=attr-fe-autocomplete>autocomplete</code> attribute</a></li>
         <li><a href=#processing-model-2><span class=secno>4.10.19.8.2 </span>Processing model</a></li>
         <li><a href=#user-interface-for-bulk-autofill><span class=secno>4.10.19.8.3 </span>User interface for bulk autofill</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-autocompleteerrorevent-interface><span class=secno>4.10.19.8.4 </span>The <code>AutocompleteErrorEvent</code> interface</a></ol></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#textFieldSelection><span class=secno>4.10.20 </span>APIs for the text field selections</a></li>
     <li><a href=#constraints><span class=secno>4.10.21 </span>Constraints</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#definitions><span class=secno>4.10.21.1 </span>Definitions</a></li>
       <li><a href=#constraint-validation><span class=secno>4.10.21.2 </span>Constraint validation</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-constraint-validation-api><span class=secno>4.10.21.3 </span>The constraint validation API</a></li>
       <li><a href=#security-forms><span class=secno>4.10.21.4 </span>Security</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#form-submission><span class=secno>4.10.22 </span>Form submission</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#introduction-3><span class=secno>4.10.22.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
       <li><a href=#implicit-submission><span class=secno>4.10.22.2 </span>Implicit submission</a></li>
       <li><a href=#form-submission-algorithm><span class=secno>4.10.22.3 </span>Form submission algorithm</a></li>
       <li><a href=#constructing-form-data-set><span class=secno>4.10.22.4 </span>Constructing the form data set</a></li>
       <li><a href=#selecting-a-form-submission-encoding><span class=secno>4.10.22.5 </span>Selecting a form submission encoding</a></li>
       <li><a href=#url-encoded-form-data><span class=secno>4.10.22.6 </span>URL-encoded form data</a></li>
       <li><a href=#multipart-form-data><span class=secno>4.10.22.7 </span>Multipart form data</a></li>
       <li><a href=#plain-text-form-data><span class=secno>4.10.22.8 </span>Plain text form data</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#resetting-a-form><span class=secno>4.10.23 </span>Resetting a form</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#interactive-elements><span class=secno>4.11 </span>Interactive elements</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-details-element><span class=secno>4.11.1 </span>The <code>details</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-summary-element><span class=secno>4.11.2 </span>The <code>summary</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-menu-element><span class=secno>4.11.3 </span>The <code>menu</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-menuitem-element><span class=secno>4.11.4 </span>The <code>menuitem</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#context-menus><span class=secno>4.11.5 </span>Context menus</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#declaring-a-context-menu><span class=secno>4.11.5.1 </span>Declaring a context menu</a></li>
       <li><a href=#processing-model-3><span class=secno>4.11.5.2 </span>Processing model</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-relatedevent-interfaces><span class=secno>4.11.5.3 </span>The <code>RelatedEvent</code> interfaces</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#commands><span class=secno>4.11.6 </span>Commands</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#facets-0><span class=secno>4.11.6.1 </span>Facets</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-a-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.2 </span>Using the <code>a</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-button-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.3 </span>Using the <code>button</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-input-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.4 </span>Using the <code>input</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-option-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.5 </span>Using the <code>option</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-menuitem-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.6 </span>Using the <code>menuitem</code> element to define a
  command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-command-attribute-on-menuitem-elements-to-define-a-command-indirectly><span class=secno>4.11.6.7 </span>Using the <code title=attr-menuitem-command>command</code> attribute on <code>menuitem</code> elements to define
  a command indirectly</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-accesskey-attribute-on-a-label-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.8 </span>Using the <code title=attr-accesskey>accesskey</code> attribute
  on a <code>label</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-accesskey-attribute-on-a-legend-element-to-define-a-command><span class=secno>4.11.6.9 </span>Using the <code title=attr-accesskey>accesskey</code> attribute
  on a <code>legend</code> element to define a command</a></li>
       <li><a href=#using-the-accesskey-attribute-to-define-a-command-on-other-elements><span class=secno>4.11.6.10 </span>Using the <code title=attr-accesskey>accesskey</code>
  attribute to define a command on other elements</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dialog-element><span class=secno>4.11.7 </span>The <code>dialog</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#anchor-points><span class=secno>4.11.7.1 </span>Anchor points</a></ol></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#scripting-1><span class=secno>4.12 </span>Scripting</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-script-element><span class=secno>4.12.1 </span>The <code>script</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#scriptingLanguages><span class=secno>4.12.1.1 </span>Scripting languages</a></li>
       <li><a href=#restrictions-for-contents-of-script-elements><span class=secno>4.12.1.2 </span>Restrictions for contents of <code>script</code> elements</a></li>
       <li><a href=#inline-documentation-for-external-scripts><span class=secno>4.12.1.3 </span>Inline documentation for external scripts</a></li>
       <li><a href=#scriptTagXSLT><span class=secno>4.12.1.4 </span>Interaction of <code>script</code> elements and XSLT</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-noscript-element><span class=secno>4.12.2 </span>The <code>noscript</code> element</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-template-element><span class=secno>4.12.3 </span>The <code>template</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#template-XSLT-XPath><span class=secno>4.12.3.1 </span>Interaction of <code>template</code> elements with XSLT and XPath</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-canvas-element><span class=secno>4.12.4 </span>The <code>canvas</code> element</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#proxying-canvases-to-workers><span class=secno>4.12.4.1 </span>Proxying canvases to workers</a></li>
       <li><a href=#2dcontext><span class=secno>4.12.4.2 </span>The 2D rendering context</a>
        <ol>
         <li><a href=#implementation-notes><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.1 </span>Implementation notes</a></li>
         <li><a href=#the-canvas-state><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.2 </span>The canvas state</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawingstyle-objects><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.3 </span><code>DrawingStyle</code> objects</a></li>
         <li><a href=#line-styles><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.4 </span>Line styles</a></li>
         <li><a href=#text-styles><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.5 </span>Text styles</a></li>
         <li><a href=#building-paths><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.6 </span>Building paths</a></li>
         <li><a href=#path2d-objects><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.7 </span><code>Path2D</code> objects</a></li>
         <li><a href=#transformations><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.8 </span>Transformations</a></li>
         <li><a href=#image-sources-for-2d-rendering-contexts><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.9 </span>Image sources for 2D rendering contexts</a></li>
         <li><a href=#fill-and-stroke-styles><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.10 </span>Fill and stroke styles</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawing-rectangles-to-the-bitmap><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.11 </span>Drawing rectangles to the bitmap</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawing-text-to-the-bitmap><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.12 </span>Drawing text to the bitmap</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawing-paths-to-the-canvas><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.13 </span>Drawing paths to the canvas</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawing-images><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.14 </span>Drawing images</a></li>
         <li><a href=#hit-regions><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.15 </span>Hit regions</a></li>
         <li><a href=#pixel-manipulation><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.16 </span>Pixel manipulation</a></li>
         <li><a href=#compositing><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.17 </span>Compositing</a></li>
         <li><a href=#image-smoothing><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.18 </span>Image smoothing</a></li>
         <li><a href=#shadows><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.19 </span>Shadows</a></li>
         <li><a href=#drawing-model><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.20 </span>Drawing model</a></li>
         <li><a href=#best-practices><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.21 </span>Best practices</a></li>
         <li><a href=#examples><span class=secno>4.12.4.2.22 </span>Examples</a></ol></li>
       <li><a href=#color-spaces-and-color-correction><span class=secno>4.12.4.3 </span>Color spaces and color correction</a></li>
       <li><a href=#serializing-bitmaps-to-a-file><span class=secno>4.12.4.4 </span>Serializing bitmaps to a file</a></li>
       <li><a href=#security-with-canvas-elements><span class=secno>4.12.4.5 </span>Security with <code>canvas</code> elements</a></ol></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#common-idioms><span class=secno>4.13 </span>Common idioms without dedicated elements</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-main-part-of-the-content><span class=secno>4.13.1 </span>The main part of the content</a></li>
     <li><a href=#rel-up><span class=secno>4.13.2 </span>Bread crumb navigation</a></li>
     <li><a href=#tag-clouds><span class=secno>4.13.3 </span>Tag clouds</a></li>
     <li><a href=#conversations><span class=secno>4.13.4 </span>Conversations</a></li>
     <li><a href=#footnotes><span class=secno>4.13.5 </span>Footnotes</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#disabled-elements><span class=secno>4.14 </span>Disabled elements</a></li>
   <li><a href=#selectors><span class=secno>4.15 </span>Matching HTML elements using selectors</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#case-sensitivity><span class=secno>4.15.1 </span>Case-sensitivity</a></li>
     <li><a href=#pseudo-classes><span class=secno>4.15.2 </span>Pseudo-classes</a></ol></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#microdata><span class=secno>5 </span>Microdata</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#introduction-4><span class=secno>5.1 </span>Introduction</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#overview><span class=secno>5.1.1 </span>Overview</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-basic-syntax><span class=secno>5.1.2 </span>The basic syntax</a></li>
     <li><a href=#typed-items><span class=secno>5.1.3 </span>Typed items</a></li>
     <li><a href=#global-identifiers-for-items><span class=secno>5.1.4 </span>Global identifiers for items</a></li>
     <li><a href=#selecting-names-when-defining-vocabularies><span class=secno>5.1.5 </span>Selecting names when defining vocabularies</a></li>
     <li><a href=#using-the-microdata-dom-api><span class=secno>5.1.6 </span>Using the microdata DOM API</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#encoding-microdata><span class=secno>5.2 </span>Encoding microdata</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-microdata-model><span class=secno>5.2.1 </span>The microdata model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#items><span class=secno>5.2.2 </span>Items</a></li>
     <li><a href=#names:-the-itemprop-attribute><span class=secno>5.2.3 </span>Names: the <code>itemprop</code> attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#values><span class=secno>5.2.4 </span>Values</a></li>
     <li><a href=#associating-names-with-items><span class=secno>5.2.5 </span>Associating names with items</a></li>
     <li><a href=#microdata-and-other-namespaces><span class=secno>5.2.6 </span>Microdata and other namespaces</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#microdata-dom-api><span class=secno>5.3 </span>Microdata DOM API</a></li>
   <li><a href=#mdvocabs><span class=secno>5.4 </span>Sample microdata vocabularies</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#vcard><span class=secno>5.4.1 </span>vCard</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#conversion-to-vcard><span class=secno>5.4.1.1 </span>Conversion to vCard</a></li>
       <li><a href=#examples-0><span class=secno>5.4.1.2 </span>Examples</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#vevent><span class=secno>5.4.2 </span>vEvent</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#conversion-to-icalendar><span class=secno>5.4.2.1 </span>Conversion to iCalendar</a></li>
       <li><a href=#examples-1><span class=secno>5.4.2.2 </span>Examples</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#licensing-works><span class=secno>5.4.3 </span>Licensing works</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#examples-2><span class=secno>5.4.3.1 </span>Examples</a></ol></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#converting-html-to-other-formats><span class=secno>5.5 </span>Converting HTML to other formats</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#json><span class=secno>5.5.1 </span>JSON</a></ol></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#editing><span class=secno>6 </span>User interaction</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#the-hidden-attribute><span class=secno>6.1 </span>The <code>hidden</code> attribute</a></li>
   <li><a href=#inert-subtrees><span class=secno>6.2 </span>Inert subtrees</a></li>
   <li><a href=#activation><span class=secno>6.3 </span>Activation</a></li>
   <li><a href=#focus><span class=secno>6.4 </span>Focus</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#introduction-5><span class=secno>6.4.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
     <li><a href=#data-model><span class=secno>6.4.2 </span>Data model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-tabindex-attribute><span class=secno>6.4.3 </span>The <code title=attr-tabindex>tabindex</code> attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#processing-model-4><span class=secno>6.4.4 </span>Processing model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#sequential-focus-navigation><span class=secno>6.4.5 </span>Sequential focus navigation</a></li>
     <li><a href=#focus-management-apis><span class=secno>6.4.6 </span>Focus management APIs</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#assigning-keyboard-shortcuts><span class=secno>6.5 </span>Assigning keyboard shortcuts</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#introduction-6><span class=secno>6.5.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-accesskey-attribute><span class=secno>6.5.2 </span>The <code>accesskey</code> attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#processing-model-5><span class=secno>6.5.3 </span>Processing model</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#editing-0><span class=secno>6.6 </span>Editing</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#contenteditable><span class=secno>6.6.1 </span>Making document regions editable: The <code title=attr-contenteditable>contenteditable</code> content attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#making-entire-documents-editable:-the-designmode-idl-attribute><span class=secno>6.6.2 </span>Making entire documents editable: The <code title=dom-document-designMode>designMode</code> IDL attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#best-practices-for-in-page-editors><span class=secno>6.6.3 </span>Best practices for in-page editors</a></li>
     <li><a href=#editing-apis><span class=secno>6.6.4 </span>Editing APIs</a></li>
     <li><a href=#spelling-and-grammar-checking><span class=secno>6.6.5 </span>Spelling and grammar checking</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#dnd><span class=secno>6.7 </span>Drag and drop</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#introduction-7><span class=secno>6.7.1 </span>Introduction</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-drag-data-store><span class=secno>6.7.2 </span>The drag data store</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-datatransfer-interface><span class=secno>6.7.3 </span>The <code>DataTransfer</code> interface</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#the-datatransferitemlist-interface><span class=secno>6.7.3.1 </span>The <code>DataTransferItemList</code> interface</a></li>
       <li><a href=#the-datatransferitem-interface><span class=secno>6.7.3.2 </span>The <code>DataTransferItem</code> interface</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dragevent-interface><span class=secno>6.7.4 </span>The <code>DragEvent</code> interface</a></li>
     <li><a href=#drag-and-drop-processing-model><span class=secno>6.7.5 </span>Drag-and-drop processing model</a></li>
     <li><a href=#dndevents><span class=secno>6.7.6 </span>Events summary</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-draggable-attribute><span class=secno>6.7.7 </span>The <code>draggable</code> attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-dropzone-attribute><span class=secno>6.7.8 </span>The <code>dropzone</code> attribute</a></li>
     <li><a href=#security-risks-in-the-drag-and-drop-model><span class=secno>6.7.9 </span>Security risks in the drag-and-drop model</a></ol></ol></li>
 <li><a href=#browsers><span class=secno>7 </span>Loading Web pages</a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href=#windows><span class=secno>7.1 </span>Browsing contexts</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#nested-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.1.1 </span>Nested browsing contexts</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#navigating-nested-browsing-contexts-in-the-dom><span class=secno>7.1.1.1 </span>Navigating nested browsing contexts in the DOM</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#auxiliary-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.1.2 </span>Auxiliary browsing contexts</a>
      <ol>
       <li><a href=#navigating-auxiliary-browsing-contexts-in-the-dom><span class=secno>7.1.2.1 </span>Navigating auxiliary browsing contexts in the DOM</a></ol></li>
     <li><a href=#secondary-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.1.3 </span>Secondary browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#security-nav><span class=secno>7.1.4 </span>Security</a></li>
     <li><a href=#groupings-of-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.1.5 </span>Groupings of browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#browsing-context-names><span class=secno>7.1.6 </span>Browsing context names</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#the-window-object><span class=secno>7.2 </span>The <code>Window</code> object</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#security-window><span class=secno>7.2.1 </span>Security</a></li>
     <li><a href=#apis-for-creating-and-navigating-browsing-contexts-by-name><span class=secno>7.2.2 </span>APIs for creating and navigating browsing contexts by name</a></li>
     <li><a href=#accessing-other-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.2.3 </span>Accessing other browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#named-access-on-the-window-object><span class=secno>7.2.4 </span>Named access on the <code>Window</code> object</a></li>
     <li><a href=#garbage-collection-and-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.2.5 </span>Garbage collection and browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#closing-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.2.6 </span>Closing browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#browser-interface-elements><span class=secno>7.2.7 </span>Browser interface elements</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-windowproxy-object><span class=secno>7.2.8 </span>The <code>WindowProxy</code> object</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#origin-0><span class=secno>7.3 </span>Origin</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#relaxing-the-same-origin-restriction><span class=secno>7.3.1 </span>Relaxing the same-origin restriction</a></ol></li>
   <li><a href=#sandboxing><span class=secno>7.4 </span>Sandboxing</a></li>
   <li><a href=#history><span class=secno>7.5 </span>Session history and navigation</a>
    <ol>
     <li><a href=#the-session-history-of-browsing-contexts><span class=secno>7.5.1 </span>The session history of browsing contexts</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-history-interface><span class=secno>7.5.2 </span>The <code>History</code> interface</a></li>
     <li><a href=#the-location-interface><span class=secno>7.5.3 </span>The <code>Location</code> interface</a>
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