Fix non-x64 architectures not being able to build Docker image because of hardcoded Node.js architecture (#13081)

* Use ARCH variable instead of hardcoded x64

* fix formating

[Rkt](https://coreos.com/rkt) doesn't allow ports to be exposed to containers unless they are declared in the container manifest. Re-adding EXPOSE back in (removed in 1dbf993b) allows the container to be used on rkt based systems.

* Update Ruby/Node/jemalloc source for Docker Image

* Update Dockerfile

* Update Dockerfile

- Always run apt update before any other apt command. (This fixes
  incremental builds failing if a remote package is updated.)
- Only copy dependency lists before installing dependencies. (This means
  editing code doesn't force all dependencies to be re-downloaded.)
- Delete cache in the same layer that it is created. (Otherwise,
  deleting cache *increases* the size of the image on non-squashed
  builds.)
- Move the installation of some static dependencies to *before* Mastodon
  code is imported to Docker.

* Revert "update vagrant configs (#8706)"

This reverts commit 8971bb8c.

* Revert "Updated ruby/node images (#8700)"

This reverts commit 5aae71cf.

* Dockerfile: run asset precompilation as a build step

* Replace OTP_SECRET and SECRET_KEY_BASE with placeholders

https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/03/28/ruby-2-4-4-released/

> This release includes some bug fixes and some security fixes.
>
> - CVE-2017-17742: HTTP response splitting in WEBrick
> - CVE-2018-6914: Unintentional file and directory creation with directory traversal in tempfile and tmpdir
> - CVE-2018-8777: DoS by large request in WEBrick
> - CVE-2018-8778: Buffer under-read in String#unpack
> - CVE-2018-8779: Unintentional socket creation by poisoned NUL byte in UNIXServer and UNIXSocket
> - CVE-2018-8780: Unintentional directory traversal by poisoned NUL byte in Dir
> - Multiple vulnerabilities in RubyGems

Fix #6809

I don't know why, either

Fix 6734

Yarn was manually installed to meet the Yarn version requirement of
webpacker. Today, Alpine Linux 3.7 provides Yarn new enough.

It is no longer necessary since commit
be9bab17.

Fix #6605